The digital gender gap refers to the differences between women and men in access to, use of, and benefits from digital technologies. This includes access to the internet, digital devices, digital skills, and opportunities in technology-related fields.
While technology has transformed how we work, learn, communicate, and access services, women are still less likely than men to fully participate in the digital world in many regions.
Who is affected?
The digital gender gap affects women and girls of all ages, but some groups face greater barriers than others, including:
- Women in low-income households
- Women in rural or underserved communities
- Older women with limited digital experience
- Women with caregiving responsibilities that reduce time for digital learning
- Girls and women who have less access to STEM education and technology careers
Although the gap is often wider in developing regions, it exists in both developed and developing countries.
Why does it exist?
The digital gender gap is shaped by a combination of economic, educational, social, and cultural factors.
Some of the key reasons include:
- Unequal access to affordable internet and digital devices
- Lower participation of girls and women in STEM education
- Gender stereotypes about technology and technical careers
- Time constraints caused by unpaid care and household responsibilities
- Workplace barriers that limit women’s advancement in technology sectors
- Online harassment and safety concerns that discourage participation in digital spaces
These barriers can limit women’s ability to develop digital skills and benefit from digital opportunities.
How does it affect women?
The digital gender gap affects women’s economic opportunities, education, and participation in society.
Women may experience:
- Reduced access to online learning and training
- Fewer opportunities in high-growth technology careers
- Limited access to remote and flexible work opportunities
- Lower participation in digital entrepreneurship
- Reduced ability to access information, services, and financial tools online
- Less influence over the development of technologies that shape everyday life
As economies become increasingly digital, those who lack digital access and skills risk being left behind.
Where do we see it?
The digital gender gap can be seen in many areas, including:
- Technology and innovation industries
- STEM education and training programs
- Digital entrepreneurship and start-ups
- Artificial intelligence and emerging technologies
- Internet access and digital literacy levels
- Leadership positions within technology companies
The gap is visible not only in who uses technology, but also in who designs, develops, and leads it.
What can women do?
While many causes of the digital gender gap require systemic solutions, women can take practical steps to strengthen their digital participation:
- Build digital literacy and technology skills
- Explore online learning opportunities
- Develop confidence using digital tools and platforms
- Consider careers or training in technology-related fields
- Join professional networks and communities that support women in tech
- Advocate for equal access to technology and digital education
Governments, educational institutions, employers, and technology companies also play an important role in ensuring that women can fully participate in the digital economy.
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